
Lord of Uto in Higo and commander of the first Korean campaign force
小西行長
Originally from a merchant house in Sakai, he served Hideyoshi, was based in Uto in southern Higo, commanded the first force in the Korean campaign, and was involved in peace negotiations with Ming and Joseon. His work involved maritime traffic and relationships with seafarers connecting the Inland Sea to Kyushu's west coast, construction of castle towns and domain administration in Uto after the Higo uprising, and negotiations to sustain, reduce, or end the war. Diplomacy and military operations were not separate functions but interconnected to maintain armies crossing the sea, provisions, and intelligence. Records from Uto city lectures explain that he coordinated naval forces from various regions rather than maintaining his own large fleet. While his identity as a Christian daimyo is important, it cannot be the sole motivation for all his actions.
Sources 宇土市「小西行長」/宇土市デジタルミュージアム「宇土城跡(城山)」/宇土市「よみがえる小西行長公」講演記録/大阪城天守閣「小西行長書状」/名古屋市博物館「慶長の朝鮮出兵」/国立歴史民俗博物館・荒木和憲「『壬辰戦争』の講和交渉」
5
1592
Month 3
Crossing to Korea Begins
Directed the vanguard's crossingDaimyō armies ordered by Toyotomi Hideyoshi began departing from Nagoya for the Korean Peninsula, opening the Bunroku campaign.
Month 4
The Bunroku Campaign
一番隊On Hideyoshi's orders 160,000 Japanese troops crossed to Busan, took Hanseong in twenty days and Pyongyang in two months. Yi Sun-sin's navy then cut the sea route, and righteous armies and Ming reinforcements pushed them back. In 1593 they withdrew from Hanseong to coastal forts in the south and opened talks.
1597
Month 7
The Keichō Campaign
左軍With the peace talks broken, the Japanese crossed again, crushed the Korean navy at Chilcheollyang and took Namwon, securing Jeolla. Halted at Jiksan and beaten at Myeongnyang by the reinstated Yi Sun-sin, they were pinned to their coastal forts. Hideyoshi's death in August 1598 brought withdrawal, and the seven-year war ended with the sea battle of Noryang in November.
1600
10/21
Battle of Sekigahara
Deployed on Kita-TenmanzanThe decisive battle in Mino: Tokugawa Ieyasu’s Eastern Army defeats the Western Army.
11/6
Mitsunari and others are executed at Rokujogawara
Executed at RokujogawaraIshida Mitsunari was beheaded at Rokujogawara in Kyoto together with Konishi Yukinaga and Ankokuji Ekei. The execution of the three men at the centre of the Western army closed the first phase of the settlement after Sekigahara.
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