互動合戰
1600年10月21日 · 關原
東西兩軍在美濃關原激戰,德川家康率領的東軍大勝。
秀吉死後,圍繞豐臣政權主導權的對立發展為全國規模的戰爭。石田三成在關原之戰一個多月前進入西美濃要衝大垣城,將其作為西軍本營,準備迎擊東軍西上。從福束城之戰、岐阜城攻防戰,到前一日的杭瀨川之戰,兩軍的交戰均以大垣城為軸心展開。德川家康於9月14日進抵岡山(大垣市赤坂)。
小早川秀秋倒戈使西軍全線崩潰,勝負僅在半日左右便已決定。大谷吉繼自刃,石田三成逃向伊吹山,10月27日被捕,11月6日與小西行長、安國寺惠瓊一同在京都六條河原被處刑。島津義弘突破東軍中央返回薩摩,南宮山的毛利軍則始終按兵不動。次日,家康命竹中重門埋葬陣亡者,修築了東西兩處首塚。

西軍在杭瀨川獲勝
島左近、蒲生備中等約500人出大垣城,先設伏兵,渡過杭瀨川挑釁東軍中村一榮隊。待其出戰,以佯退誘入伏中將其擊破,提振了西軍士氣。
爭議點
岐阜縣的解說指出,杭瀨川的川筋已經改變,戰鬥發生的場所並不確定。
Crossed the Kuise river with 500 men and broke Nakamura's unit.
出處356·可信度:高
西軍出大垣城前往關原
家康在桃配山布陣
德川家康於前一日九月十四日進抵岡山(大垣市赤坂),當日上午6時前後在俯瞰東山道的桃配山布陣。
Deployed on Momokubariyama around 6 a.m.
出處12·可信度:高
兩軍在關原布陣
西軍以笹尾山的石田三成、松尾山的小早川秀秋為兩翼,布成鶴翼之陣。東軍在關原盆地中央以福島正則為先鋒,布成魚鱗之陣。南宮山有毛利秀元、吉川廣家等布陣,東軍的池田輝政、淺野幸長在此加以戒備。
爭議點
各陣跡的位置,建立在明治時期鄉土史家神谷道一所奠定的布陣地比定之上,並非同時代史料給出的座標。
Deployed on Sasaoyama.
Deployed at the foot of Sasaoyama.
Deployed on Kita-Tenmanzan.
Deployed on Minami-Tenmanzan with about 17,000 men.
Deployed with his nephew Toyohisa and some 1,500 men.
Deployed in Yamanaka facing Matsuoyama.
Deployed on Matsuoyama, 293 m high.
Deployed on Nangusan as Terumoto's deputy.
Deployed on the eastern side of Nangusan.
Deployed on Nangusan.
Took position on Nangusan.
Deployed on Nangusan.
Held the point of the Eastern array in the centre of the basin.
Deployed near the present Sekigahara station.
Deployed with Matsudaira Tadayoshi.
Deployed on Okayama with Takenaka Shigekado.
Deployed on Okayama with Kuroda Nagamasa.
Deployed west of Okayama.
Deployed behind the Eastern line.
Deployed at Tarui to guard against Nangusan.
Deployed near the Tarui milestone.
出處12·可信度:中
井伊隊搶先出擊揭開戰端
兩軍以烽火傳遞開戰
島左近在笹尾山麓負傷
島津隊按兵不動
南宮山的毛利軍不動
毛利秀元作為輝元的名代在南宮山布陣,卻被暗通家康的吉川廣家擋在前面而無法出動。長束正家、長宗我部盛親也始終未能參戰。
Could not move because Kikkawa and others were in contact with Ieyasu.
In contact with Ieyasu, he stayed in front of the Mori force.
Was left a spectator on Nangusan.
Withdrew to Minakuchi in Omi without engaging.
Never moved.
出處12·可信度:高
家康把本陣推進至陣場野
由於難以掌握戰況,家康把本陣移到正對笹尾山石田三成陣地的陣場野,從靠近前線之處激勵東軍。
爭議點
所謂他從此陣地開槍威懾松尾山的小早川秀秋,只是流傳下來的一種說法。
Moved his headquarters to Jinbano.
出處12·可信度:高
小早川秀秋倒戈
大谷隊覆滅
布陣於松尾山正面的大谷吉繼遭小早川秀秋、脅坂安治等從三面攻擊。因病而乘轎指揮的吉繼,所部覆滅,本人自刃。
Attacked from three sides; his contingent destroyed, he took his own life.
Had been entrusted with command at the front in Yoshitsugu's stead.
Crossed swords with the Otani contingent.
Fought the Otani contingent with the Todo unit.
Charged down on the Otani from Matsuoyama.
出處12·可信度:高
西軍在決戰地全面崩潰
島津隊突破敵陣
世人多以為天下在一日之戰中易主,實際上這是一場涵蓋伏見、岐阜、大津、田邊、出羽、豐後等各地的廣域戰爭,關原是其決著之處。豐臣秀賴仍留在大坂城,德川與豐臣的最終了斷要等到1614至1615年的大坂之陣。戰後的改易與加增轉封重新排布了全國領主,1601年的勢力圖為德川政權66國、豐臣氏3國。
13人
Commander of the Eastern army
Reached Okayama in Ogaki on the 14th and deployed at Momokubariyama around 6 a.m. on the 15th, then moved his headquarters opposite Mitsunari's position around 11 a.m.
出處12·可信度:高
Vanguard of the Eastern army
Deployed near the present Sekigahara station and, with Ii Naomasa, broke ranks to fire on the Ukita contingent.
出處12·可信度:高
Vanguard and inspector of the Eastern army
Holding that the Tokugawa house should strike first, he broke ranks with Matsudaira Tadayoshi to open the battle, and pursued the Shimazu in the afternoon.
出處12·可信度:高
Leading unit of the Eastern army
Held the point of the Eastern army's fish-scale formation in the centre of the Sekigahara basin, and attacked the Ukita after the Ii and Matsudaira units pre-empted him.
出處12·可信度:高
Eastern army, Okayama position
Deployed on Okayama hill with Takenaka Shigekado and some 5,000 men, raised the signal fire at the outset, and wounded Shima Sakon with musket fire.
出處12·可信度:高
Eastern army, Okayama position
Shared the Okayama position with Kuroda Nagamasa, and the day after the battle was ordered to bury the dead and raise the two head mounds.
出處12·可信度:高
Inspector of the Eastern army
In the afternoon he joined the Matsudaira and Ii units in pursuing Shimazu Yoshihiro.
出處12·可信度:高
Eastern army
Fought Otani Yoshitsugu's units together with Kyogoku Takatomo, and is said to have been in secret contact with Wakisaka Yasuharu.
出處12·可信度:中
Eastern army
Helped break the Ishida contingent, and afterwards was ordered to search for Mitsunari, capturing him in the Ibuki mountains.
出處12·可信度:高
Eastern army
After the assault on Gifu Castle he deployed at Tarui to guard against the forces on Nangusan.
出處12·可信度:中
Eastern army
Having taken Gifu Castle, he deployed near the Tarui milestone to watch the Mori forces on Nangusan.
出處12·可信度:中
16人
Core of the Western army
Deployed on Sasaoyama, which overlooks the field and commands the Hokkoku road; when the Western army broke he fled toward Mount Ibuki and was later captured by Tanaka Yoshimasa.
出處12·可信度:高
Commander under Ishida
Won the previous day's fight at the Kuise river with 500 men and held the foot of Sasaoyama, but was wounded by Kuroda musket fire and left the line.
出處12·可信度:中
Deputy commander of the Western army
Held Minami-Tenmanzan with about 17,000 men, the largest Western contingent, and had covered the rear on the march to Sekigahara.
出處12·可信度:高
Western army
Deployed on Kita-Tenmanzan and raised a signal fire as the battle opened; after the rout he gave himself up and was executed in Kyoto with Mitsunari.
出處12·可信度:高
Western army
Deployed in Yamanaka facing Matsuoyama and directed his men from a palanquin because of illness; attacked from three sides by Kobayakawa and Wakisaka, his contingent was destroyed.
出處12·可信度:高
Commander under Otani
Lord of Tarui Castle; he served under Otani Yoshitsugu and was entrusted with command at the front in his stead.
出處12·可信度:中
Western army
Deployed with his nephew Toyohisa and some 1,500 men, stayed on the defensive through the morning and refused Mitsunari's call for support, then broke through the Eastern centre and returned to Satsuma.
出處12·可信度:高
Western army
Yoshihiro's nephew; he covered the retreat and fought the Eastern pursuit at Utozaka.
出處12·可信度:中
Turned from the Western to the Eastern army
Deployed on Matsuoyama, 293 m high, and resolved to go over to the Eastern side he had been in contact with; the Western army collapsed from that point.
出處12·可信度:高
Turned from the Western to the Eastern army
Approached beforehand by Todo Takatora, he changed sides with three other contingents once Kobayakawa turned.
出處12·可信度:中
Western army, Nangusan
Deployed on Nangusan as Mori Terumoto's deputy, but could not move—and so could not join the battle—because Kikkawa Hiroie and others were in contact with Ieyasu.
出處12·可信度:高
Western army, Nangusan
As the senior figure of the house he opposed Mori participation on the Western side, and deployed on Nangusan after secretly reaching Ieyasu.
出處12·可信度:高
Western army, Nangusan
He had a hand in making Mori Terumoto the Western commander-in-chief; unable to move from Nangusan, he was beheaded after the battle with Mitsunari and Yukinaga.
出處12·可信度:中
Western army, Nangusan
He marched from Ise into Mino and took position on Nangusan, but withdrew to his domain at Minakuchi without engaging.
出處12·可信度:中
Western army, Nangusan
Deployed on Nangusan as part of the Western main force, but never moved.
出處12·可信度:中
Commander-in-chief of the Western army
Raised as commander-in-chief of the Western army, he remained in Osaka Castle and never took the field at Sekigahara.
出處12·可信度:高
數據說明
出處所載日期為舊曆,本戰相當於慶長五年九月十五日。公曆以已經過查證的1600年10月21日為基準,同一舊曆九月內的日期按相同日差換算。各陣跡的位置是明治時期以後的比定地。
參考資料
正文中的編號對應上方列表中的資料。可信度表示該記述在出處中獲得多少佐證,並非指座標的精度或年代的確度。

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